China has successfully test-fired a ballistic missile from a nuclear submarine in the western Pacific, highlighting its growing sea-based nuclear deterrent. This development underscores the evolution of Beijing’s ‘Giant Wave’ missile program, from the limited-range JL-1 to the intercontinental JL-3. The new missile significantly enhances China’s second-strike capability, allowing submarines to strike distant targets from safer waters.
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China’s JL missile family: The submarine-launched nukes designed to reach the US
